TransCanada Keystone Pipeline GP Ltd,
[14] abbreviated here as Keystone, operates four phases of the project. In 2013, the first two phases had the capacity to deliver up to 590,000 barrels (94,000 m3) per day of oil into the Midwest refineries.
[15] Phase III has capacity to deliver up to 700,000 barrels (110,000 m3) per day to the Texas refineries.
[16] By comparison, production of
petroleum in the United States averaged 9.4 million barrels (1.5 million cubic meters) per day in first-half 2015, with gross exports of 500,000 barrels (79,000 m3) per day through July 2015.
[17]
The proposed Phase IV, Keystone XL (sometimes abbreviated KXL, with XL standing for "export limited"
[18]) Pipeline, would have connected the Phase I-pipeline terminals in
Hardisty, Alberta, and
Steele City, Nebraska, by a shorter route and a larger-diameter pipe.
[19] It would have run through
Baker, Montana, where American-produced
light crude oil from the
Williston Basin (
Bakken formation) of
Montana and
North Dakota would have been added
[12] to the Keystone's throughput of
synthetic crude oil (syncrude) and diluted bitumen (
dilbit) from the
oil sands of Canada.
North American energy is a much better deal any way you look at it than importing energy from the other side of the world.